BIOLOGY 1110
GENERAL
BIOLOGY I
CATALOG
DESCRIPTION:
A comprehensive course emphasizing
cellular structure, function and metabolism; molecular form, function of life;
reproductive and genetic patterns. Taxonomy is introduced and applied to a
taxonomic and morphologic survey of Monera, Protista, and
INSTRUCTOR:
Robert S. Carter,
Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Biology and
Chair, Department of Science
Office: Wallace 101B -- Please call
or email to schedule an appointment.
Voicemail:
615.230.3748
Math &
Science Office: 615.230.3261
Email: rcarter via MyVolstate Online
REQUIRED TEXTS:
·
Biology, 8th Ed., by Campbell, Reese, and Mitchell
·
A Photographic
Atlas for the Biology Laboratory, 5th
Ed., by Van De Graaff et al
·
Biology 1110
Laboratory Exercises, by Nancy G. Morris; Available on the
VSCC Biology Homepage
GENERAL EDUCATION GOAL: The general education goal of this course is to provide scientific information and instruction in the thought processes involved in the scientific method of inquiry.
GENERAL
EDUCATION OUTCOME:
Successful completion indicates a foundation of knowledge
and experience suitable for further coursework in biological fields and
pre-medical professional paths.
The general education goal of this course is to provide
scientific information and instruction in the thought processes involved in the
scientific method of inquiry.
By successfully completing this course, you will
demonstrate:
1.
acceptable mastery of designated
scientific facts, concepts, and principles;
2.
an understanding of the scientific
method of inquiry; and
3.
practice in the application of the scientific method.
OUTCOME
STATEMENTS:
This course will provide opportunities in problem solving; critical
skills necessary for assessing and evaluating values; and practicing effective
communication skills in both receiving and giving information.
Upon completion of this course the student will have
demonstrated the ability to:
1.
Outline the scientific method. Demonstrate application of this methodology
in problem solving and in the laboratory.
2.
Briefly describe unifying themes that
pervade the science of biology.
3.
Diagram the hierarchy of structural
levels in biology.
4.
Explain how the properties of life
emerge from complex organization.
5.
Explain what is meant by "form
follows function".
6.
List the three domains and five
kingdoms of life.
7.
Distinguish between inductive and
deductive reasoning.
8.
Review vocabulary regarding basic
chemistry:
|
matter |
mass |
element
|
|
trace
element |
compound |
atom |
|
proton |
neutron |
electron |
|
atomic
number |
mass number |
isotope |
|
radioactive |
half-life |
energy |
|
potential
energy |
electron shell |
orbital |
|
ionic
bond |
ion |
cation |
|
anion |
hydrogen bond |
valence electrons |
|
covalent
bond |
molecule |
electronegativity |
10.
State eight elements essential to life
that make up most of living matter.
11.
Describe the structure of an atom.
12.
Explain how electron configuration
influences the chemical behavior of an atom.
13.
Distinguish between nonpolar covalent,
polar covalent, and ionic bonds.
14.
Explain why the noble gases are so unreactive.
15.
Describe the formation of a hydrogen
bond and explain how it differs from a covalent or ionic bond.
16.
Describe the structure and geometry of
a water molecule, and explain what properties emerge as a result of this
structure.
17.
Explain the relationship between the
polar nature of water and its ability to form hydrogen bonds.
18.
Explain how the polarity of water makes
it a versatile solvent.
19.
Explain the basis for the pH scale.
20.
Explain how acids and bases directly or
indirectly affect the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
21.
Explain how carbon's electron
configuration determines the kinds and number of bonds carbon will form.
22.
Distinguish between organic and
inorganic compounds.
23.
List 7 major organic compound
functional groups, their names, and their general chemical properties.
24.
List four groups of organic compounds
and describe their function in living systems.
25.
Describe how covalent linkages are
formed and broken in organic polymers.
26.
Explain the general structure and
chemical properties of carbohydrates.
27.
Explain the naming of carbohydrates as
to arrangements of carbons and functional groups.
28.
Explain the general structure, chemical
properties and functions of lipids.
29.
Explain the general properties of
proteins.
30.
Explain the structure and chemical
properties of amino acids.
31.
Describe how proteins are formed and
the levels of structure they may possess.
32.
Distinguish between polypeptide and
protein.
33.
List several functional types of
proteins including examples of each.
34.
Explain the structure, functioning, regulation,
inhibition, and naming of enzymes giving examples.
35.
Explain the general structure and
function of nucleotides and nucleic acids.
36.
Define the terms polynucleotide, ribonucleic
acid (RNA), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
37.
Explain and illustrate the general
structure of the DNA molecule.
38.
Explain how RNA differs from DNA.
39.
Describe the function of enzymes in
biological systems and their effects on the rates and energetics
of chemical reactions.
40.
Explain the relationship between enzyme
structure and enzyme specificity.
41.
Explain the induced fit model of enzyme
function.
42.
Explain how enzyme activity can be
regulated or controlled by environmental conditions, cofactors, enzyme
inhibitors and allosteric regulators.
43.
Define and use the following terms
properly:
|
polymer |
starch |
denaturation |
|
monomer |
cellulose |
lipid |
|
macromolecule |
amino acid |
glycerol |
|
hydrolysis |
peptide bond |
triglyceride |
|
carbohydrate |
polypeptide |
steriod |
|
monosaccharide |
protein conformation |
nucleic acid |
|
Disaccharide |
DNA |
nucleotide |
|
trisaccharide |
RNA |
pyrimidine |
|
polysaccharide |
primary structure |
purine |
|
glycogen |
secondary structure |
nitrogenous base |
|
pentose |
tertiary structure |
activation energy |
|
hexose |
disulfide bridge |
|
44.
Diagram and explain the energy cycle.
45.
Give a general overview of the anabolic
and catabolic activities involved in metabolism.
46.
Distinguish between kinetic and
potential energy.
47.
Distinguish between endergonic
and exergonic reactions.
48.
Describe the function of ATP in the
cell.
49.
List the three components of ATP and
identify the major class of macromolecule to which each belongs.
50.
Explain how nucleotides function as
energy carriers and as coenzymes giving examples of compounds that accomplish
these functions.
51.
Explain the role of catabolic and
anabolic pathways in the energy exchanges of cellular metabolism.
END OF EXAM 1
OUTCOME STATEMENTS
52.
Explain the terms refractive index,
resolution, and magnification in terms of microscope usage.
53.
Explain how a light microscope
functions and its resolution problems.
54.
Explain, in reference to light
microscopy, the terms: monocular, binocular, oil immersion, and phase contrast.
55.
Explain the functioning of transmission
and scanning electron microscopes and their resolving ability.
56.
Explain the fluid mosaic model of
membrane structure and explain how membrane fluidity is influenced by membrane
composition.
57.
Describe factors that affect selective
permeability of membranes.
58.
Describe techniques used to study cell
structure and function.
59.
Distinguish between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
60.
Describe the structure and function of
the nucleus and cytoplasm.
61.
List the compartments of the endomembrane system, describe
their structures and functions and summarize the relationships among them.
62.
Describe the types of vacuoles and how
their functions differ.
63.
Explain the role of peroxisomes
in eukaryotic cells.
64.
Distinguish between plastids: amyloplast, chromoplast, and chloroplast.
65.
Describe the structure, monomers. and functions of microtubuies,
microfilaments and intermediate filaments.
66.
Explain how the ultrastructure
of cilia and flagella relates to their function.
67.
Describe the composition and function
of plant walls.
68.
Describe the structure and function of
intercellular junctions found in plant and animal cells.
69.
Explain the structure and function of
the middle lamella, plasmodesmata, hyaluronic acid, desmosomes,
tight junctions, and gap junctions.
70.
Distinguish between the terms
protoplasm and cytoplasm.
71.
Describe the structure and function of
the following cell organelles:
|
golgi bodies |
ribosomes |
golgi bodies |
|
thylakoid |
nucleolus |
thylakoid |
|
cilia |
plastids |
cilia |
|
microtubles |
mitochondrion |
vacuoles |
|
tubulin |
plastids |
microfilaments |
|
peroxisomes |
basal body |
aster rays |
|
cilia |
lysosome |
ribosomes |
|
centriole |
vacuoles |
stroma |
|
nucleus |
nucleolus |
tubulin |