1	SOUTH AMERICA (CHAPTER 5: 222-233)
2	MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES PHYSIOGRAPHY IS DOMINATED BY THE ANDES MOUNTAINS S AND THE AMAZON BASIN. POPULATION IS CONCENTRATED ALONG THE PERIPHERY. CULTURAL PLURALISM EXISTS IN MOST COUNTRIES AND IS EXPRESSED REGIONALLY. REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTERACTION HAS BEEN MINIMAL IN THE PAST.
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6	THE INCA EMPIRE CULTURE HEARTH-INTERMONTANE BASIN AROUND CUZCO (1200-1535 A.D.) ALTIPLANOS WERE KEY TO SETTLEMENT PATTERNS. 20 MILLION SUBJECTS AT ITS ZENITH TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS AND INTEGRATION EFFORTS WERE MOST IMPRESSIVE. A HIGHLY CENTRALIZED STATE
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9	CULTURE SPHERES Resembles Middle America’s Rimland Locations, soils, & tropical climates favor plantation crops, especially sugar. Initially relied on African slave labor
10	CULTURE SPHERES The most “Latin” part of South America Includes the Pampas - temperate grasslands Economically most advanced Transportation networks and quality of life are excellent.
11	CULTURE SPHERES Correlates with the former Inca Empire Feudal socioeconomic structure persists Includes some of South America’s poorest areas Subsistence agriculture must contend with difficult environmental challenges.
12	CULTURE SPHERES Surrounds the Amerindian-subsistence region A zone of mixture- culturally & agriculturally Transitional -- economic connotations
13	CULTURE SPHERES Characteristics are difficult to classify. Sparsely populated Isolation and lack of change- notable features Development of Amazonia may prompt significant changes.
14	SOUTH AMERICA’S CULTURE SPHERES
15	ECONOMIC INTEGRATION MERCOSUR LAUNCHED IN 1995 A SOUTHERN CONE COMMON MARKET INCLUDES BRAZIL, ARGENTINA, URUGUAY, AND PARAGUAY ANDEAN COMMUNITY INITIALLY FORMED IN 1969 (ANDEAN PACT) RESTARTED IN 1995 MEMBERS ARE VENEZUELA, COLOMBIA, PERU, ECUADOR, AND BOLIVIA
16	ECONOMIC INTEGRATION (CONTINUED) GROUP OF THREE (G-3) FORMED IN 1995 INCLUDES MEXICO, VENEZUELA, AND COLOMBIA A FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION WHICH AIMS TO PHASE OUT ALL TARIFFS BY 2005 NAFTA LAUNCHED BY THE US, MEXICO, AND CANADA IN 1994 SEEKING TO EXPAND INTO SOUTH AMERICA TO INCLUDE CHILE
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18	URBANIZATION THE MOVEMENT TO AND CLUSTERING OF PEOPLE IN TOWNS AND CITIES THE PERCENTAGE OF A COUNTRY’S POPULATION LIVING IN CITIES 79% - CONTINENT-WIDE IN SOUTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA’S INCREASE BASED ON RATE OF “NATURAL INCREASE” AND INTERNAL MIGRATION THE “LATIN AMERICAN CITY” MODEL
19	GENERALIZED MODEL OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CITY
20	GENERALIZED MODEL OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CITY
21	GENERALIZED MODEL OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CITY
22	GENERALIZED MODEL OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CITY
23	GENERALIZED MODEL OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CITY
24	GENERALIZED MODEL OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CITY
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27	SOUTH AMERICA (CHAPTER 5: 222-233)