Notes
Slide Show
Outline
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North America - I
(CHAPTER 3:  134-155)
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DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS
  • ANGLO-AMERICAN LABEL
  • ENGLISH LANGUAGE
  • CHRISTIAN FAITHS
  • EUROPEAN NORMS
    • GOVERNMENT, ARCHITECTURE, DIET, ARTS
  • HIGHLY URBANIZED
  • MOBILE POPULATIONS
  • HIGH INCOMES
  • MANUFACTURING OUTPUT
  • FEDERAL STATES WITH PLURAL SOCIETIES
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URBAN GEOGRAPHY
  • CONCERNED WITH THE SPATIAL ASPECTS OF CITIES AND URBAN NETWORKS
  • 4 MAJOR THEMES
    • HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF CITIES
    • INTERURBAN GEOGRAPHY
    • INTRAURBAN GEOGRAPHY
      • URBAN SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY
    • PLANNING AND POLICY-MAKING
  • 3 KEY MODELS
    • BORCHERT;  ADAMS;  VANCE
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BORCHERT’S MODEL
(METROPOLITAN EVOLUTION)
  • GENERALIZATION OF THE HISTORICAL GROWTH OF THE US URBAN SYSTEM
  • BASED ON KEY CHANGES IN ENERGY AND TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY
  • OCCURRED IN 5 STAGES
    • Sail-Wagon Epoch (1790-1830)
    • Iron Horse Epoch (1830-1870)
    • Steel-Rail Epoch (1870-1920)
    • Auto-Air-Amenity Epoch (1920-1970)
    • Satellite-Electronic-Jet Propulsion Epoch (1970-?)
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ADAM’S MODEL
  • FOCUSED ON INTRAURBAN GROWTH
  • BASED ON BREAKTHROUGHS IN TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY
  • A PATTERN OF OUTWARD-AREAL EXPANSION
  • OCCURRED IN 4 STAGES
    • <1888- WALKING-HORSECAR ERA
    • 1888-1920- ELECTRIC STREETCAR ERA
    • 1920-1945- RECREATIONAL AUTO ERA
    • 1945-PRESENT- FREEWAY ERA
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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ADAM’S MODEL
(STAGES OF INTRAURBAN GROWTH)
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URBAN SPATIAL CHANGES
MICROSCALE (Intraurban)
  • James Vance defines a new tributary area; URBAN REALMS
  • Single urban structure of the past is transformed into a multicentered model in which several outlying activity concentrations rival the Central Business District (CBD)
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IDEAL FORM OF
MULTICENTERED URBAN REALMS MODEL
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North America - I
(CHAPTER 3:  134-155)