1	MIDDLE AMERICA II (CHAPTER 4: 196-221)
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4	MAQUILADORAS
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6	"Initiated in the 1960s as..." Initiated in the 1960s as coupon houses Assembly plants that pioneered the migration of industries in the 1970s Today >4,000 maquiladoras >1.2 million employees
7	"Modern industrial plants" Modern industrial plants Assemble imported, duty-free components/raw materials Export the finished products Mostly foreign-owned (U.S., Japan) 80% of goods reexported to U.S. Tariffs limited to value added during assembly
8	"Maquiladora products" Maquiladora products
9	"ADVANTAGES" ADVANTAGES Mexico gains jobs. Foreign owners benefit from cheaper labor costs. EFFECTS Regional development Development of an international growth corridor between Monterrey and Dallas - Fort Worth
10	NAFTA Effective 1 January 1994 Established a trade agreement between Mexico, Canada and the US, which: Reduced and regulated trade tariffs, barriers, and quotas between members Standardized finance & service exchanges
11	NAFTA
12	MEXICO AND NAFTA Foremost, it promises a higher standard of living. NAFTA creates more jobs for Mexicans as US companies begin to invest more heavily in the Mexican market. Mexican exporters increase their sales to the US and Canada. Is that the entire story?
13	U.S. TRADE WITH CANADA & MEXICO Canada remains as the United States’ largest export market. Since 1977, Mexico has moved into second place (displacing Japan). 85% of all Mexican exports now go to the United States. 75% of Mexico’s imports originate in the United States.
14	ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
15	ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
16	ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
17	ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
18	ALTITUDINAL ZONATION
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20	THE REPUBLICS Guatemala Belize Honduras El Salvador Nicaragua Costa Rica Panama
21	ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS Tropical Deforestation 3 million acres of woodland in Central America disappear each year!
22	CAUSES OF TROPICAL DEFORESTATION Clearing of rural lands to accommodate meat production and export Rapid logging of tropical woodlands to meet global demands for new housing, paper, and furniture Population explosion: forests are cut to provide crop-raising space and firewood What is the solution?
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25	THE CARIBBEAN BASIN The Greater Antilles Cuba Hispaniola Jamaica Puerto Rico The Lesser Antilles
26	TOURISM: A MIXED BLESSING? Advantages State and regional economic options A clean industry Educational Disadvantages Disjunctive development Degrades fragile environmental resources Inauthentic representations of native cultures
27	MIDDLE AMERICA II (CHAPTER 4: 216-235)