CHEM 1030 FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY (4)

 

Catalog Course Description:  Fundamentals of chemistry (4) A one semester introductory course designed to provide a broad overview of chemical principles including measurements, atomic theory and bonding, chemical symbols, formulas and equations, inorganic and organic compounds, acid-base theory and the biochemical highlights of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids and metabolism. PREREQUISITES: One year of high school algebra and an acceptable placement scores or DSPM 0800, placement beyond developmental reading and writing. CO-REQUISISTE: DSPM 0850. Three lecture, two laboratory hours per week.

 

CHEM 1030 Outcome Statements:

 

Upon Successful completion of the course students will have demonstrated the ability to:

 

  1. Understand the scientific method and the use of experimentation as an integral process of chemistry; using measurements and unit relationships to develop problem solving skills in solving mathematical models of chemistry.

·        Write a conversion factor for two units that describe the same quantity.

·        Report answers to calculations using the correct number of significant figures. Write the names and abbreviations for the metric units used in measurements of length, volume and mass.

·        Use the numerical values of prefixes to write a metric equality. Write the names and abbreviations for the metric units used in measurements of length, volume and mass.

·        Use a conversion factor to change from one unit to another.

·        Calculate the density or specific gravity of a substance.

·        Use the density or specific gravity to calculate the mass or volume of a substance.

·        Describe forms of energy.

·        Given the temperature, calculate a corresponding temperature on another scale (K, ° F, ° C).

·        Given the mass of a sample and the temperature change, calculate the heat lost or gained.

·        Calculate the energy of a sample using calorimetry data.

  1. Understand the Periodic Law and the information that is contained in the Periodic Table.

·        Given the name of an element, write its correct symbol.

·        Identify the physical state of a substance as a solid, liquid, or gas.

·        Given the symbol of an element, write its correct name.

·        Use the periodic table to identify the group and the period of an element, and whether it is a metal or nonmetal.

·        Given the name or symbol of one of the first 20 elements in a periodic table, write the electron configuration.

·        Use the electron configuration of an element to state its group number and to explain periodic law.

·        Using the periodic table, write the electron-dot structures for the first 20 elements.

·        Illustrate the octet rule using the electron-dot structures of the noble gases.

  1. Understand Modern Atomic Theory and role the electron plays in chemical behavior.

·        Using electronegativity values, classify a bond a covalent, polar covalent, or ionic.

·        Describe the hydrogen bonding in water.

·        Given the atomic number and mass number of an atom, state the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.       

·        Describe the electrical charge, mass (a.m.u.), and location in an atom for a proton, neutron, and electron

·        Diagram the electron-dot structure for a covalent molecule.

·        Given the formula of a covalent compound, write its correct name.

·        Given the name of a covalent compound, write its correct formula.

·        Write the formulas of the simple ions for metals and nonmetals.

·        Using charge balance, write the correct formula for an ionic compound.

·        Write a formula of a compound containing a polyatomic ion.

·        Given the formula of an ionic compound, write the correct name.

·        Describe and write equations for the types of nuclear radiation: alpha, beta and gamma decay.

·        Describe how radiation is measured and biological effects.

·        Calculate amounts of radioactive isotopes based on half-life decay.

·        Describe the process of nuclear fission and fusion.

  1. Understand the Law of Conservation of Mass in a chemical reaction, types of chemical reactions and the basic stoichiometry of reactions.

·        Given the chemical formula, determine the formula weight.

·        Given the chemical formula of a substance, calculate the molar mass.

·        Given the number of moles of a substance, calculate the mass in grams.

·        Given the mass of a substance, calculate the number of moles.

·        Classify a change in matter as chemical or physical.

·        Write a balanced equation for a chemical reaction from the formulas of the reactants and products.

·        Describe the energy in exothermic and endothermic reactions.

·        From a balanced equation, write conversion factors for any of the mole relationships.

·        Given the quantity of a reactant or product in a balanced equation, calculate the quantity of another substance in the reaction.

·        Identify the solute and solvent in a solution.

·        Describe the process of dissolving an ionic solute in water,

·        Describe the effects of temperature and nature of the solute on its solubility in a liquid.

·        Calculate the molarity of a solution.

·        Use molarity as a conversion factor to calculate the moles of solute or the volume needed to prepare a solution.

·        From its properties, identify a mixture as a solution, a colloid, or a suspension.

·        Describe the changes in concentration of solute and solvent in the processes of osmosis and dialysis.

·        Identify the components in solutions of electrolytes and non-electrolytes.

·        Calculate the number of equivalents for an electrolyte.

·        Describe the Kinetic molecular theory.

·        Calculate gas pressure, volume, moles and temperature from Boyles’s Law, Charles Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, Avogadro’s Law and the Combined Gas Law.

·        Explain partial pressure and Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures.

  1. Understand the three theories of Acid –Base chemistry and the pH scale.

·        Describe acids and bases using the Arrhenius and the Bronsted-Lowry concepts.

·        Write an equation for the ionization of strong and weak acids.

·        Write a balanced equation for the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.

·        Use the ion product of water to calculate the hydronium and hydroxide ion concentrations in solution.

·        Calculate the pH from hydronium ion concentration.

·        Given the pH, calculate the hydronium and hydroxide ion concentrations.

·        Describe the role of buffers in maintaining the pH of a solution.

 

  1. Understand basic concepts of the four major classes of macromolecules in living organisms.

·        From its properties, classify a compound as organic or inorganic.

·        Classify carbohydrates as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

·        Classify a monosaccharide as an aldose, or ketose and indicate the number of carbon atoms.

·        Describe the monosaccharide units and linkages in disaccharides.

·        Describe the classes of lipids.

·        Identify a fatty acid as saturated or unsaturated.

·        Describe the structure of a steroid and cholesterol.

·        Classify proteins by their functions in the cells.

·        Draw the structure for an amino acid in neutral or zwitterion form.

·        Describe a peptide bond.

·        Draw the structure for a peptide.

·        Distinguish between the 1° , 2° , 3° , 4° structures of a protein.

·        Describe the enzymes and their functions.

·        Describe the role of an enzyme in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

·        Discuss the effect of cofactors, temperature, and pH on enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

·        Describe the nucleotides contained in DNA and RNA.

·        Describe the structures of RNA and DNA.

·        Explain the process of DNA replication.

·        Describe the structures and characteristics of three types of RNA.

·        Describe the synthesis of mRNA (transcription).

·        Describe the function of the codons in the genetic code.

·        Describe the process of protein synthesis (translation).

·        Describe some ways in which DNA is altered to cause mutations.